Emkhakheni wokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto, izikrini ezidlidlizayo zima njengamahhashi okusebenza abalulekile. Le mishini eguquguqukayo ibalulekile ezimbonini kusukela kwezimbiwa phansi nezokwakha kuye kwezolimo nokugaywa kabusha. Kulokhu kuhlola kobuchwepheshe, singena emhlabeni oyinkimbinkimbi wezikrini ezidlidlizayo, sembula ukwakheka kwazo, ukusebenza, kanye nentuthuko emisha eqhuba ukusebenza kahle ezinhlelweni ezihlukene.

I. I-Anatomy Yesikrini Esidlidlizayo

Isikrini esidlidlizayo siqukethe izingxenye ezibalulekile ezimbalwa, ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuhlukaniswa kwezinto:

• Indawo Yesikrini: Indawo yesikrini iyingxenye yokuqala lapho ukuhlukaniswa kwezinto kwenzeka khona. Ingenziwa nge-wire mesh elukiwe, insimbi enezimbobo, noma ezinye izinto eziklanyelwe ukuhambisana nohlelo oluthile.
• I-Vibrating Motor: Injini edlidlizayo idlulisela ukudlidliza endaweni yesikrini, yenza kube lula ukunyakaza kwezinhlayiya esikrinini nasezimbotsheni.
• Ibhokisi Lesikrini: Ingaphezulu lesikrini kanye nenjini edlidlizayo kufakwe ngaphakathi kwebhokisi lesikrini, elihlinzeka ngokusekela kanye nokubamba ukuhlanganisa okudlidlizayo.
• Idekhi: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo zingaba namadekhi amaningi noma izendlalelo, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa ngasikhathi sinye kosayizi abahlukahlukene bezinhlayiyana. Idekhi ngayinye inesikrini sayo kanye nenjini edlidlizayo ehambisanayo.
• I-Springs and Suspensions: Iziphethu nokumiswa kusekela ibhokisi lesikrini, elivumela ukuthi lidlidlizele ngokukhululekile kuyilapho limunca amandla amaningi. Ukumiswa okulungile kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside kwesikrini esidlidlizayo.

II. Ukusebenza kanye Nezimiso Zokusebenza

Izikrini ezidlidlizayo zisebenza ngokususelwe kumgomo wokuhlukanisa nokuhlola kahle. Uma okubalulekile kufakwa endaweni yesikrini, izinhlayiya ezincane zidlula ezikhaleni, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezinkulu zidluliswa endaweni yesikrini kuze kube yilapho zithola ukuvuleka ezivumela ukuthi zidlule.

• Ukuhlola Ukusebenza Kahle: Ukusebenza kahle kokuhlola kuthonywa izici ezifana nokuthambekela kwesikrini, ukuphakama kokudlidliza, nokuma nosayizi wokuvuleka endaweni yesikrini. Umklamo olungile uqinisekisa ukuhlukaniswa okuphumelelayo kwezinhlayiya.
• I-stratification: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo zikhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa, lapho izinhlayiya ezincane zihlala phansi kwesendlalelo sezinto futhi izinhlayiya ezinkulu zikhuphukela phezulu. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuvumela ukuhlukaniswa okunembile kwezinhlayiya ngokusekelwe kusayizi nokuma.

III. Izinhlobo Zezikrini Ezidlidlizayo

• Izikrini Ezidlidlizayo Ezilayini: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zihamba ngomugqa oqondile futhi zifakwe ukudlidliza okulandelanayo. Zifanele ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiyana ezinhle kanye nezicelo zokuhlola umthamo ophezulu.
• Izikrini Ezidlidlizayo Eziyindilinga: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo eziyindilinga zinokunyakaza okuyindilinga futhi zisebenza kahle ekuhloleni izinto ezisanhlamvu eziphakathi nendawo ukuya kwezingamahhadla. Ziyahlukahluka futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.
• Izikrini Ezidlidlizayo Ezinemvamisa Ephakeme: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinemvamisa ephezulu zisebenza kumaza aphezulu, zivumela ukuhlukana kwezinhlayiyana ezicolekile. Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokunemba.

IV. Intuthuko Entsha

• Idizayini yeModular: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomklamo wemodular zivumela ukushintshwa okulula nokwenza ngokwezifiso izingxenye, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokulungisa nokuvumelana nezimo.
• Ubuchwepheshe Bemidiya Yesikrini: Ubuchwepheshe bemidiya yesikrini esithuthukisiwe, okuhlanganisa i-polyurethane, irabha, nocingo olulukiweyo, buthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqokwa, ukuqina, nokusebenza kahle kokuhlola.
• I-Smart Screening Solutions: Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa nobuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalela kunika amandla ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela sokusebenza kwesikrini, kube lula ukunakekelwa okubikezelwayo kanye nokwenza ngcono inqubo.

Isiphetho

Izikrini ezidlidlizayo zingamaqhawe angacushiwe okucubungula izinto, adlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini eziningi. Ngemiklamo yabo ehlukahlukene kanye nentuthuko emisha, bayaqhubeka nokuchaza ukusebenza kahle nokunemba ekuhlukaniseni izinhlayiyana. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, kuzoba njalo nale mishini ebalulekile, iqinisekisa ukuthi izimboni emhlabeni wonke zingaqhubeka nokuthembela kuzikrini ezidlidlizayo ngezidingo zazo zokucubungula izinto.

Isikrini esidlidlizayo esiwumugqa siyidivayisi esebenzisa injini yokudlidliza njengomthombo wayo wokudlidliza futhi siklanyelwe ukuhlola izinto ezibonakalayo ngokuhamba ngomugqa oqondile. Isebenza ngokukhiqiza ukunyakaza komugqa okuqhubekayo, okuvumela ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo kwezinto ezihlukahlukene.

Imisebenzi yesikrini esidlidlizayo somugqa

1. Ukuhlukaniswa Kwempahla

Ukuhlelwa Kosayizi Wezinhlayiya: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezilayini zingahlukanisa ngempumelelo izinto zibe osayizi bezinhlayiyana abahlukene. Ihlukanisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo zibe izingcezu zosayizi abahlukahlukene, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlayiya okunembile.

2. Ukukhipha Ukuchelela kanye Nokukhipha Indle

I-De-Watering: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezilayini zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni lapho ukuchithwa kokunisela kuyadingeka. Isusa umswakama owedlulele ezintweni ezihloliwe, izenze zilungele ukusetshenzwa okwengeziwe noma ukulahlwa.

3. Scalping kanye Pre-Screening

I-Scalping: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zingasusa izinhlayiya ezinkulu noma ukungcola ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ngaphambi kokuthi zingene enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-scalping futhi iqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.

Ukuhlola Ngaphambili: Asetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuhlola lokuqala, elihlukanisa izinto ezinosayizi abahlukene ngaphambi kwenqubo eyinhloko yokuchotshozwa noma yokugaya. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini ephansi komfula.

4. Ukuhlunga Okuphumelelayo

Ukuhlunga Okubalulekile: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ukuhlunga izinto ezihlukile. Isibonelo, embonini yezimayini, bangakwazi ukuhlunga ama-ore ahlukene, futhi embonini yokugaywa kabusha, bangakwazi ukuhlunga izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezilahlwayo.

5. Ukondla Okufanayo

Ngisho Nokusabalalisa: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zingasabalalisa ngokulinganayo izinto endaweni yokuhlola. Lokhu kuqinisekisa amanani okuphakelayo afanayo kumishini ephansi futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwawo wonke umugqa wokucubungula.

6. Easy Maintenance

Ubulula: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zilula ekwakhiweni, okuzenza kube lula ukusebenza nokuzinakekela. Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kungandisa impilo yabo yokusebenza.

7. Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kanye nokuvumelana nezimo

Ukulungiswa: I-amplitude kanye nemvamisa yokudlidliza kungalungiswa, okuvumela ukwenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo ngokusekelwe kuzimfuneko ezithile zezinto ezihlolwayo.

Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo: Izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zingashintshwa ukuze zisetshenziswe ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izimayini, i-metallurgy, amakhemikhali, ukudla, nokugaywa kabusha, okuzenza zibe izixazululo zokuhlola ezihlukahlukene.

8. Ukuphumelela Kwamandla

Ukonga Amandla: Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezikrini ezidlidlizayo, izikrini ezidlidlizayo ezinomugqa zivame ukusebenzisa amandla amancane, zizenze zonge amandla futhi zingabizi.

Kafushane, imisebenzi eyinhloko yesikrini esidlidlizayo esilandelanayo ihlanganisa ukuhlukanisa okusebenzayo, ukususa amanzi, ukukhanda isikhumba, ukuhlunga, ukuphakela okufanayo, kanye nokuvumelana nezimboni ezahlukene. Ukusebenziseka kwayo ngezindlela eziningi kanye nokuba lula kwayo kuyenza ibe yithuluzi elisetshenziswa kabanzi nelibalulekile ezinhlelweni zokucubungula izinto ezahlukahlukene.

Ukwehluleka kwentwasahlobo ezikrinini ezidlidlizayo zezimayini kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, futhi ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokungaphazanyiswa kwezisetshenziswa. Nazi ezinye izizathu ezivamile zokuhluleka kwentwasahlobo kanye nezixazululo ezingaba khona.

Isixazululo sokwehluleka kwentwasahlobo kwesikrini sokudlidliza kwezimayini

Ukulayisha ngokweqile: Okuphakelayo kwempahla eyeqile noma izinto ezinkulu, ezisindayo zingalayisha kakhulu isikrini futhi kuholele ekuhlulekeni kwentwasahlobo.

• Isixazululo: Yehlisa izinga lokuphakelayo noma usayizi, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi isikrini silinganiswe ngokufanele nohlelo.

Ukwehluleka Ukukhathala: Ukulayisha okuphindaphindiwe kwe-cyclic kanye nokuthulula iziphethu kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kokukhathala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

• Isixazululo: Hlola njalo futhi ubuyisele iziphethu ezigugile noma ezilimele. Cabangela ukusebenzisa imithombo yekhwalithi ephezulu, ekwazi ukumelana nokukhathala.

Ukugqwala: Ukuchayeka ezindaweni ezimbi zezimayini kungabangela ukugqwala, kwenze iziphethu zibe buthaka.

• Isixazululo: Sebenzisa izinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kweziphethu, njengensimbi engagqwali noma insimbi. Sebenzisa ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kanye nezingubo zokuvikela ukuvikela ukugqwala.

Ukufakwa Okungalungile: Ukufakwa okungalungile kweziphethu kungaholela ekusakazweni kwengcindezi okungalingani kanye nokwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

• Isixazululo: Qinisekisa ukuthi iziphethu zifakwe ngendlela efanele futhi zingaphansi kokuxineka okufanele. Bheka imihlahlandlela yomkhiqizi wezisetshenziswa ukuze uthole imiyalelo yokufaka.

I-Vibration Dampening: Izindlela zokudambisa ukudlidliza ezinganele zingandisa ingcindezi eziphethwini.

• Isixazululo: Faka amanye amathuluzi okudambisa amanzi afana nezibambisi zokuthuthumela noma izihlukanisa zenjoloba ukuze unciphise umthelela wokudlidliza eziphethwini.

Idizayini Yasentwasahlobo: Iziphethu ezinganele noma eziklanywe ngendlela engafanele zingase zingamelani nemithwalo yokusebenza.

• Isixazululo: Xhumana nonjiniyela oqeqeshiwe ukuze uhlole idizayini yasentwasahlobo futhi ucabange ukuthuthukela emithonjeni eqinile uma kunesidingo.

Ukugcotshwa Okungenele: Ukuntuleka kokugcoba kungabangela ukungqubuzana, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

• Isixazululo: Sebenzisa uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuthambisa usebenzisa izinto zokugcoba ezifanele ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguga eziphethwini.

Izici Zemvelo: Amazinga okushisa aphakeme, umswakama, nothuli konke kungaba nomthelela ekulimaleni kwentwasahlobo.

• Isixazululo: Gcina okokusebenza endaweni elawulwayo uma ingasetshenziswa, noma sebenzisa amakhava okuvikela kanye nezindawo ezivalekile ukuvikela okokusebenza ezimeni ezinzima zemvelo.

I-Material Buildup: Ukuqoqwa kwezinto edekhini yesikrini kungandisa umthwalo eziphethwini.

• Isixazululo: Sebenzisa amasistimu okuhlanza asebenzayo, njengamabhulashi noma izifutho, ukuze uvimbele ukwakheka kwezinto endaweni yesikrini.

Imithwalo Enomthelela: Imithwalo evame ukushayisana, njengamatshe amakhulu ashaya isikrini, ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kwentwasahlobo.

• Isixazululo: Sebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela ezifana namalayini noma izikrini ezingathinteki ukuze unciphise amandla okuba nomthelela eziphethwini.

Ukunakekelwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa kubalulekile ekuhlonzeni nasekuxazululeni izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngaphambi kokuba ziholele ekuhlulekeni kwentwasahlobo. Ukwengeza, ukusebenza nonjiniyela abaqeqeshiwe kanye nokulandela izincomo zomkhiqizi zokunakekelwa nokusebenza kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ubude besikhathi nokuthembeka kwezikrini ezidlidlizayo zezimayini.

Isikrini esivundlile, esaziwa nangokuthi isikrini esidlidlizayo esivundlile, siwuhlobo lwezisetshenziswa zokuhlola ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okufaka phakathi izimayini, ezokwakha, ukucubungula okuhlanganisiwe, nokugaywa kabusha. Iklanyelwe ukuhlukanisa nokuhlukanisa izinhlayiya noma izinto ezisekelwe kusayizi wazo. Ngokungafani nezikrini eziqondile, lapho indawo yokuhlola ibheke phezulu, izikrini ezivundlile zinomumo ovundlile, okokusebenza okuphakelwa ngobude besikrini.

Izici ezibalulekile nemisebenzi yesikrini esivundlile

I-Screening Surface

Isikrini esivundlile siqukethe indawo yokuhlola enkulu, eyisicaba edlidliza ivundlile. Le ndawo ngokuvamile yenziwe nge-wire mesh elukiwe, i-polyurethane, irabha, noma ezinye izinto ezivulekayo ezinosayizi abahlukahlukene.

I-Vibrating Mechanism

Izikrini ezivundlile zihlonyiswe ngendlela edlidlizayo, efana ne-eccentric shaft enezisindo eziphikisayo, enikeza ukunyakaza okuqondile noma okuyi-elliptical kudekhi yesikrini. Lokhu kunyakaza kubangela okokusebenza okungaphezulu kwesikrini ukuthi kunyakaze futhi kuhlukaniswe.

Okuphakelayo Okubalulekile

Okubalulekile kufakwa endaweni yesikrini ukusuka ekugcineni, ngokuvamile ngesiphakeli noma isihambisi. Umumo ovundlile uvumela ukusatshalaliswa kwezinto ezisebenzayo futhi uqinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kusabalala ngokulinganayo endaweni yonke yesikrini.

Ukuhlolwa nokuhlukaniswa

Njengoba okokusebenza kuhamba ngobude besikrini esivundlile, izinhlayiya ezincane kunezikhala ezisendaweni yesikrini ziyawela, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezinkulu zigcinwa. Le nqubo yokuhlukanisa ihlukanisa izinto zibe amafrakhishini osayizi abahlukene.

Ukucushwa Kwedekhi Eningi

Izikrini ezivundlile zingaba nedekhi eyodwa noma eziningi, ezipakishwe phezu kwesinye. Ukucushwa kwamadekhi amaningi kuvumela ukuhlelwa kwezinto zibe izigaba zosayizi abaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa.

I-engeli eguquguqukayo

Ezinye izikrini ezivundlile zine-engeli yesikrini elungisekayo, engatshekiswa ukuze kulungiswe kahle inqubo yokuhlola noma kuguqule iphethini yokugeleza kwezinto.

Ukukhipha amanzi (Ongakukhetha)

Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, izikrini ezivundlile zifakwe izici zokuqeda amanzi, njengamaphaneli okukhipha amanzi noma izindlela, ukuze kususwe umswakama owedlulele ezintweni ezihloliwe.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo

Izikrini ezivundlile zisetshenziswa kuhlelo olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi i-scalping (ukususa izinto ezinkulu), ukusika (ukuhlukanisa izinhlayiya ngosayizi), ukususa ukuchelela, nokugeza izinto ezinjengama-aggregate, amaminerali, amalahle, isihlabathi, nokunye.

Amandla aphezulu

Izikrini ezivundlile zivame ukukhethwa ngenxa yomthamo wazo ophezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle ekucubunguleni umthamo omkhulu wezinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukugcinwa Nokufinyeleleka

Zenzelwe ukugcinwa kalula kanye nokufinyeleleka kwezingxenye, okwenza ukunakekelwa kube lula futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuphumula.

Izikrini ezivundlile zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngokunika amandla ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo nokunembayo kwezinto ngokusekelwe kusayizi wazo nezinye izici. Ukuguquguquka kwabo nekhono lokuphatha inhlobonhlobo yezinto kubenza babe izingcezu zemishini ebalulekile ekucubunguleni nasekuhloleni imisebenzi.

Umgomo wokusebenza kwesikrini esivundlile, esaziwa nangokuthi isikrini esidlidlizayo esivundlile, sizungeza umqondo wokudlidliza komshini nokunyakaza ukuze kuhlukaniswe, ukuhlukanisa, nokudlulisa izinto. Izikrini ezivundlile zivame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezifana nezimayini, ezokwakha, ukucutshungulwa okuhlanganisiwe, nokuningi emisebenzini efana nokulinganisa, ukukhipha amanzi, kanye nokusika izinto ezihlukahlukene.

Umgomo wokusebenza wesikrini esivundlile:

1. Isakhiwo: Isikrini esivundlile siqukethe isakhiwo esifana nebhokisi esingunxande noma esincike kancane esibizwa ngokuthi “idekhi.” Idekhi igxunyekwe kuhlaka futhi ivamise ukuhlonywa ngezendlalelo zesikrini eziningi noma amadekhi apakishwe phezu kwesinye.

2. I-Vibration Mechanism: Izikrini ezivundlile zisebenzisa indlela yokudlidliza ukuze zenze ukunyakaza okudingekayo kokuhlukaniswa kwezinto. Lo mshini uvamise ukunikezwa isidlidlizi esisodwa noma eziningi ezifakwe emaceleni esikrini. Lezi zidlidlizi zenza i-oscillating noma i-circular vibrations eyenza idekhi yesikrini nezinto ezikuyo zidlidlizele.

3. Ukulayisha Okubalulekile: Izinto ezizobhekwa zifakwa kudekhi yesikrini ukusuka phezulu noma ekugcineni. Izinto zisabalala ububanzi bedekhi, zenze ungqimba oluncane.

4. Ukuhlukaniswa: Njengoba idekhi yesikrini idlidliza, okokusebenza kuba nenhlanganisela yokunyakaza okuqondile nokuvundlile. Ingxenye eqondile iphakamisa okokusebenza, ivumela izinhlayiya ezincane ukuthi zidlule ezikhaleni zemeshi yesikrini noma izimbobo. Ukunyakaza okuvundlile kuhambisa impahla phambili eduze kwedekhi.

5. Ukulinganisa nokuhlelwa: Ngokuya ngosayizi wezimbobo ezikumeshi yesikrini, izinhlayiya ezincane kunezikhala zizowela futhi ziqoqwe njengento engaphansi, kuyilapho izinhlayiya ezinkulu kunezimbobo zizohlala esikrinini futhi ziqoqwe njenge oversize material. Le nqubo ihlukanisa impahla ibe amafrakhishini osayizi abahlukene.

6. Amadekhi kanye Nezendlalelo Eziningi: Izikrini ezivundlile zivame ukuba namadekhi amaningi noma izendlalelo zezikrini ezistakwe phezu kwesinye. Idekhi ngayinye ingase ibe nosayizi abahlukene besikrini semeshi ukuze kuthuthukiswe okubalulekile kube izigaba zosayizi abahlukene.

7. Ukucwiliswa kwamanzi kanye Nokugeza: Izikrini ezivundlile nazo zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza nokuwasha izinhlelo zokusebenza. Kulezi zimo, ukudlidliza kusiza ekukhipheni amanzi noma uketshezi kokubalulekile, okusiza ekwehliseni umswakama.

8. Ukudlulisa: Kwezinye izimo, izikrini ezivundlile zisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa okuqukethwe ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu kuya kwelinye ngokusebenzisa ukunyakaza okuya phambili okukhiqizwa ukudlidliza.

9. Ukulungiswa: I-amplitude nemvamisa yokudlidliza ngokuvamile ingalungiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokuhlola izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto kanye nemiphumela efiswayo.

10. Ukukhipha: Ngemuva kokuthi okokusebenza kudlule kumadekhi esikrini, kuyaqoqwa futhi kulahlwe ama-chute ahlukene noma amaconveyor ngokusekelwe kusayizi nezici zayo.

Izikrini ezivundlile ziyahlukahluka futhi zisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo ekuhlukaniseni izinto ezihlukahlukene ngokusekelwe kusayizi. Ziyingxenye ebalulekile emisebenzini eminingi yokucubungula futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini kusukela kwezimayini nezokwakha kuya ekuhlanganisweni kokukhiqiza nokugaywa kabusha.